who was the attorney general of henry viii

Who was King Henry VIII?

Henry was the second son of Henry VII and Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV. When his elder brother, Arthur, died in 1502, Henry became the heir to the throne.

What happened to Henry VIII after he died?

It was clear that after the king’s death, more significant religious reforms would take place. In mid-December, Henry suffered a short illness believed to have been linked to the condition of his legs; however, he rallied quickly. Clearly, Henry knew that his end was rapidly approaching, and he needed to make arrangements for after his death.

Who is Henry VIII’s wife Catherine Howard?

Henry annulled his marriage to Anne of Cleves after just six months of marriage on July 9, 1540. Now a free agent, he wasted zero time making it official with his sidepiece, our own Catherine Howard. The pair married on July 28, 1540, a scandalous 19 days after his annulment from Anne went through. And if that wasn’t enough drama…

Was Henry VIII’s will read to the Lord Chancellor?

On the day after Christmas 1546, Henry VIII called for his will. When Sir Anthony Denny read the document aloud, Henry declared it not to be the document in question. He insisted there was another will written later in the hand of the Lord Chancellor. The correct copy was located and was readout.

Why was Thomas Cromwell put to death?

Talented upstart. When members of the Catholic aristocracy persuaded Henry VIII that Cromwell should die, the clincher for the king was the accusation that Cromwell was a heretic. So in Henry's mind, Cromwell was executed for the right reason – heresy.

Was Thomas Cromwell a good man?

THOMAS CROMWELL was among the most ruthless and manipulative men ever to hold office in England, a death merchant for the deranged, fickle Henry VIII, who killed and persecuted thousands of innocent men for obeying their conscience and the tenets of their religion.

Why was Thomas Cromwell accused of treason?

With powerful enemies at court and blamed for arranging an unsuitable marriage for his king to Anne of Cleves (1519-1557 CE), Cromwell was arrested on charges of treason and heresy and executed without trial in July 1540 CE.

Why did Thomas Cromwell fall from power?

He ruthlessly dispatched those who stood against him and his royal master, notably his rival Thomas More and Henry's notorious second wife Anne Boleyn. His downfall came after he arranged Henry's short-lived marriage to Anne of Cleves. He was imprisoned at the Tower of London before his execution in 1540.

Were Oliver Cromwell and Thomas Cromwell related?

Oliver Cromwell was descended from a junior branch of the Cromwell family, distantly related from (as great, great grand-uncle) Thomas Cromwell, chief minister to King Henry VIII. Thomas Cromwell's sister Katherine had married a Welsh lawyer, Morgan Williams.

Why was Thomas Cromwell so unpopular?

Thomas Cromwell was a brutal enforcer to a tyrannical king; an unscrupulous, ambitious, ruthless and corrupt politician, who cared nothing of the policy he implemented as long as it made him rich.

Which king pooped himself to death?

King John got to die relatively intact, but his death was perhaps the most humiliating of them all- because he literally crapped himself to death due to dysentery.

Where is Cromwell's head?

Cromwell's head became a peculiar collector's item in the centuries that followed, passing through many hands on it's way to its final burial place in Sidney Sussex College in Cambridge.

Are there any living descendants of Thomas Cromwell?

There are many people alive today who are directly descended from Oliver Cromwell. Cromwell had nine children, six of whom survived well into adulthood and married. Although Mary's marriage proved childless, in due course the other five had children of their own.

Who was Henry VIII best friend?

Charles BrandonCharles Brandon: Henry VIII's Closest Friend.

Did Cromwell save Henry's life?

Wolf Hall recap: episode five – Cromwell saves Henry's life.

What religion was Oliver Cromwell?

PuritanCalled a dictator by some — including future British Prime Minister Winston Churchill — Cromwell, a devout Puritan, was particularly intolerant of Catholics and Quakers, though he is also credited by others for helping to lead Great Britain toward a constitutional government.

What was Henry VIII’s childhood like?

Henry was the second son of Henry VII and Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV. When his elder brother, Arthur, died in 1502, Henry became the heir to...

When did Henry VIII get married?

Henry VIII married six times between 1509 and 1543 in pursuit of heirs and political alliances. His wives were Catherine of Aragon (the mother of M...

Who were Henry VIII’s children?

Henry VIII was survived by three children, each of whom sat on the throne of England: Edward VI (ruled 1547–53), Mary I (ruled 1553–58), and Elizab...

How was Henry VIII influential?

Henry VIII was the king of England (1509–47). He broke with the Roman Catholic Church and had Parliament declare him supreme head of the Church of...

Why did Henry VIII kill his wives?

Of his six wives, Henry VIII had two killed: Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard. He accused Anne of adultery, and she was convicted and beheaded on M...

Who was Henry VIII's first minister?

Moreover, in Thomas Wolsey, who organized his first campaign in France, Henry discovered his first outstanding minister. By 1515 Wolsey was archbishop of York, lord chancellor of England, and a cardinal of the church; more important, he was the king’s good friend, to whom was gladly left the active conduct of affairs.

Who did Henry VIII marry?

Soon after his accession, Henry married Catherine of Aragon, Arthur’s widow, and the attendant lavish entertainments ate into the modest royal reserves. More serious was Henry’s determination to engage in military adventure.

Why did Henry VIII break with the Catholic Church?

He broke with the Roman Catholic Church and had Parliament declare him supreme head of the Church of England, starting the English Reformation, because the pope would not annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon. He wanted to remarry and produce a male heir.

How many wives did Henry VIII have?

Overview of Henry VIII's six marriages. Henry VIII, (born June 28, 1491, Greenwich, near London, England—died January 28, 1547, London), king of England (1509–47) who presided over the beginnings of the English Renaissance and the English Reformation. His six wives were, successively, Catherine of Aragon (the mother of the future queen Mary I ), ...

What was Henry VIII's childhood like?

When his elder brother, Arthur, died in 1502, Henry became the heir to the throne. He was an excellent student and ath lete who enjoyed hunting and dancing.

Who was William Roper?

Lincoln's Inn. William Roper (c. 1496 – 4 January 1578) was an English lawyer and member of Parliament. The son of a Kentish gentleman, he married Margaret, daughter of Sir Thomas More.

Who was the prioress of St Monica?

Roper and his wife took in Margaret Throckmorton. She would become the prioress of St Monica in Leuven. He was a member of various Parliaments (as MP for several constituencies including Rochester and Canterbury) between 1529 and 1558 and appointed High Sheriff of Kent for 1554–55.

Who was Henry VIII?

1. In his youth, Henry VIII was one of the Catholic Church’s staunchest supporters. In 1521 Henry VIII published a book-length excoriation of the German Protestant reformer Martin Luther, referring to Luther as “a venomous serpent, a pernicious plague, infernal wolf, an infectious soul, a detestable trumpeter of pride, calumnies and schism.”.

Who was Henry VIII's daughter?

English schoolchildren remember Henry VIII’s daughter as “Bloody Mary,” an allusion to the more than 300 Protestants the staunchly Catholic Mary I had put to death during her five-year reign. In truth, though, Henry VIII was by far the bloodiest Tudor ruler, ordering tens of thousands of executions during the tumult of the English Reformation. (Henry’s most famous victims included his former top advisor Sir Thomas More, as well as two of Henry’s six queens—Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard).

What did Catherine write in her final letter to Henry VIII?

In her final letter to the now-remarried Henry, the dying Catherine wrote, “‘Lastly, I make this vow, that mine eyes desire you above all things. Farewell.”. Following the January 1536 news of Catherine’s death, Henry and his new queen, Anne Boleyn, appeared publicly in all-yellow attire.

What song did Henry VIII write?

Shortly after his coronation, Henry VIII wrote the words and music for the song “Pastime with Good Company, ” which was a court favorite before became popular throughout England and beyond. The song is a celebration of the courtly life, which for the young Henry included, in the words of his contemporary Edward Hall, “shotyng, singing, dausyng, wrastelyng, casting of the barre, plaiying at the recorders, flute, virginal, and in setting of songes.” Henry wrote many other songs as well, though not, as is sometimes suggested, the English folk song “Greensleeves,” whose lyrics are in an Italian poetic form that only reached England after Henry’s death.

How tall was Henry VIII?

Considered by many to be among the most handsome rulers of his era, Henry VIII was always larger-than-life—he was well over 6 feet tall. But he only grew in girth after a 1536 jousting accident left him less and less able to exercise.

What was Henry VIII's tomb?

Years before his death, Henry VIII made plans to build a monumental tomb for himself and Jane Seymour, his favorite queen and the mother of his only surviving male heir. Henry confiscated a black marble sarcophagus (originally intended for the powerful churchman Cardinal Wolsey) to be used at the center of the tomb, but during the tumultuous years after his death in 1547, the monument was never completed. Instead, Henry and Jane were left to rest in peace in what were supposed to be temporary lodgings in a crypt at Windsor Castle. Two and a half centuries later, Henry’s intended sarcophagus did become part of an ornate national monument when it became the final resting place of Horatio Nelson, the great British naval hero of the Napoleonic Wars.

When did Henry VIII get the crown?

On June 24, 1509, Henry VIII received the crown of England. But as his reign progressed, he grew desperate for a son who’d carry on the Tudor dynasty. When the pope wouldn't annul his first marriage so that Henry could wed again, he took matters into his own hands. Henry was a king who hadn’t been expected to rule — he only took ...

How tall was Henry VIII?

He wasn't great with the ladies. Not only did Henry rule a kingdom, but he was also tall (over six feet), in good shape (thanks to his love of hunting and jousting) and had beautiful reddish-gold hair. On top of that, he was an accomplished musician who sang and played instruments such as the recorder and the lute.

What were Henry VIII's concerns?

Given the times, there were plenty of illnesses for him to worry about, but two particular concerns were the sweating sickness (a common and often deadly ailment) and the plague. During outbreaks, Henry tried to minimize his risk of infection by steering clear of those who might’ve been exposed to disease.

Why did Henry leave London?

When a severe wave of the sweating sickness hit in 1517-18, Henry left London for nearly a year. At one point during the outbreak, the king refused to see ambassadors (however, his isolation was limited because he needed servants to take care of him).

Who wrote the defense of the seven sacraments?

Henry was an author. When Martin Luther ’s Ninety-five Theses challenged papal authority, Henry managed to pull himself away from hunting in order to support the church in Rome by writing Defense of the Seven Sacraments (Assertio septem sacramentorum) in 1521. This 30,000-word text became a best-seller.

The slow decline of Henry VIII

Henry suffered his last infamous jousting accident in January 1536. He was unseated from his horse with a lance blow, the horse itself fell on top of him, and he was unconscious probably for a matter of hours. The severity of the jousting accident was that many in his inner circle believed the king would never recover and he would shortly die.

Key events of the year 1546

The final full year of Henry VIII’s life had the occasional high spot.