| Elliot Richardson | |
|---|---|
| President | Gerald Ford |
| Preceded by | Walter Annenberg |
| Succeeded by | Anne Armstrong |
| 69th United States Attorney General | |
Who was the Attorney General during the Nixon administration?
Richard Nixon Administration. January 30, 1973 – May 24, 1973. Sworn into office on 30 January 1973, Elliot L. Richardson served less than four months and thus had limited impact on the affairs of the department. Born in Boston on 20 July 1920, Richardson graduated from Harvard College in 1941 and from the Harvard Law School in 1947.
When was Elliot Richardson sworn in?
Jul 24, 2017 · Sixty-Ninth Attorney General 1973. Elliot Lee Richardson was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on July 20, 1920. He graduated cum laude from Harvard in 1941, served in the United States Army from 1942 to 1945, and graduated cum laude from Harvard Law School in 1947, where he was president of the Law Review. For a year he was law clerk to Judge ...
Who is Elliot Richardson?
Dec 31, 1999 · Elliot Lee Richardson, who resigned as attorney general in 1973 in a historic showdown with President Richard M. Nixon over the Watergate investigation, has died. He was 79. Richardson died Friday ...
Who was sworn in as Attorney General in 1969?
Jan 01, 2000 · After Mr. Richardson resigned, his second-in-command, William D. Ruckelshaus was fired after similarly refusing to fire Mr. Cox. Those …
Who were Nixon's attorneys general?
John N. MitchellIn office January 21, 1969 – March 1, 1972PresidentRichard NixonPreceded byRamsey ClarkSucceeded byRichard Kleindienst18 more rows
Is Elliot Richardson still alive?
December 31, 1999Elliot Richardson / Date of death
Why did Nixon fire US Attorney General Elliot Richardson?
Richardson had promised Congress he would not interfere with the Special Prosecutor, and, rather than disobey the President or break his promise, he resigned. President Nixon subsequently ordered Richardson's second-in-command, Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus, to carry out the order.
Who succeeded John Mitchell as attorney general?
Richard KleindienstPreceded byJohn MitchellSucceeded byElliot Richardson10th United States Deputy Attorney GeneralIn office January 20, 1969 – June 12, 197221 more rows
When was the Attorney General's appointment approved?
After having served as Acting Attorney General for a little under three and a half months, his appointment was approved by the Senate on June 12 after an attempt to block the nomination by Ted Kennedy on the grounds of his involvement with ITT, failed.
Who told Nixon to drop the case?
Nixon and his aide John Ehrlichman told him to drop the case, which created an impression that they were violating their ethical obligations in favor of ITT, and that, as an attorney himself, Kleindienst was now obligated to report these ethical lapses to the state bars in the jurisdictions involved.
Why did Kleindienst leave the law?
Kleindienst suspended his private practice in 1969 to accept the post of Deputy Attorney General of the United States offered him by President Richard Nixon. This gave him responsibilities relating to the government's suit against ITT. Nixon and his aide John Ehrlichman told him to drop the case, which created an impression ...
What was Kleindienst accused of?
In 1982, Kleindienst was accused of having perjured himself to the Arizona Bar regarding how much he knew about a white-collar criminal he represented. He was cleared of all criminal charges brought against him.
Who was the director of Creep?
Liddy, after a phone consultation about the arrests with CREEP Deputy Director Jeb Magruder (who had managed CREEP up until March of that year, and had the most direct organizational authority over Liddy's activities), personally approached Kleindienst the same day at a private golf club in Bethesda, Maryland.
Who was the Republican candidate for governor of Arizona in 1964?
He concurrently was Arizona Republican Party chairman from 1956 to 1960 and 1961 to 1963, and in 1964, the Republican candidate for Governor of Arizona, losing the general election to Sam Goddard , 53%-47%.
Where was Kleindienst born?
Kleindienst was born August 5, 1923, in Winslow, Arizona, the son of Gladys (Love) and Alfred R. Kleindienst. He served in the United States Army Air Forces from 1943 to 1946, and attended Harvard College and Harvard Law School, graduating from the latter in 1950.
Who was the Attorney General of the United States during the Watergate scandal?
U.S. President Richard Nixon ordered Attorney General Elliot Richardson to fire Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox; Richardson refused and resigned effective immediately.
Who was the special prosecutor in the Watergate scandal?
Leon Jaworski was appointed as the new special prosecutor on November 1, 1973, and on November 14, 1973, United States District Judge Gerhard Gesell ruled that the dismissal had been illegal. The Saturday Night Massacre marked the turning point of the Watergate scandal as the public, while increasingly uncertain about Nixon's actions in Watergate, ...
Why did Nixon resign?
Nixon's presidency succumbed to mounting pressure resulting from the Watergate scandal and its cover-up. Faced with almost certain impeachment and conviction, Nixon resigned. In his posthumously published memoirs, Bork said Nixon promised him the next seat on the Supreme Court following Bork's role in firing Cox.
What was Nixon's compromise?
On Friday, October 19, 1973, Nixon offered what was later known as the Stennis Compromise – asking the infamously hard-of-hearing Senator John C. Stennis of Mississippi to review and summarize the tapes for the special prosecutor's office.
What happened on October 20, 1973?
Saturday Night Massacre. United States v. Nixon. The Saturday Night Massacre was a series of events that took place in the United States on the evening of Saturday, October 20, 1973, during the Watergate scandal. U.S. President Richard Nixon ordered Attorney General Elliot Richardson to fire Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox;
What movie was the Saturday Night Massacre?
The Final Days (book, film) Dick (1999 film) Mark Felt: The Man who Brought. Down the White House (2017 film) Slow Burn (2020 series) v. t. e. The Saturday Night Massacre was a series of events that took place in the United States on the evening of Saturday, October 20, 1973, during the Watergate scandal.
How many people supported Nixon's impeachment?
citizens supported impeaching Nixon, with 44% in favor, 43% opposed, and 13% undecided, with a sampling error of 2 to 3 per cent.
How long did Elliot Richardson serve?
Sworn into office on 30 January 1973, Elliot L. Richardson served less than four months and thus had limited impact on the affairs of the department. Born in Boston on 20 July 1920, Richardson graduated from Harvard College in 1941 and from the Harvard Law School in 1947.
What did Richardson agree with?
In his confirmation hearing, Richardson expressed agreement with Nixon's policies on such issues as the adequacy of U.S. strategic forces, NATO and relationships with other allies, and Vietnam.
When did Richardson resign?
His tenure in that position was short also; he resigned abruptly in October 1973 after declining to support the president's decision to fire a Watergate special prosecutor Richardson had appointed.
Early life and military service
Richardson was born in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of Clara Lee (née Shattuck) and Edward Peirson Richardson, a doctor and professor at Harvard Medical School. He was a Boston Brahmin, descended from the earliest Puritan settlers in New England.
Cabinet career
Richardson had the nearly unique distinction of serving in three high-level Executive Branch posts in a single year—the tumultuous year of 1973 – as the Watergate Scandal came to dominate the attention of official Washington, and the American public at large.
Author
Richardson was the author of two books. The Creative Balance: Government, Politics, and the Individual in America's Third Century was published by Holt, Rinehart and Winston in 1976. Reflections of a Radical Moderate was published by Westview Press in 1996. Reflections expresses a radical centrist outlook:
External links
"Elliot Lee Richardson". Presidential Cabinet Secretary, U.S. Attorney General. Find a Grave. January 12, 2001
Where did Richardson practice law?
From 1949 to 1953, and again from 1955 to 1956, he practiced law in Boston. In 1953 and 1954, Richardson was assistant to Massachusetts Senator Leverett Saltonstall, who was then chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee.
Where did Richardson study?
He studied in Italy and Spain before returning to Salford, where a collection of his works has been preserved by the Salford City Council. The portrait of Attorney General Richardson was painted in 1975 when he was Ambassador to the United Kingdom. Updated July 24, 2017.
Who was the Secretary of State of the United States in 1969?
Richardson was Under Secretary of State from January 24, 1969, until he assumed leadership of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare as Secretary from June 24, 1970, to January 29, 1973. He served as Secretary of Defense from January 30, 1973, to May 24, 1973. President Nixon appointed him Attorney General of the United States ...
When did Harold Riley die?
He died December 31, 1999. Speeches of Attorney General Elliot Lee Richardson. About the Artist: Harold Riley (1934- ) Harold Riley was born in Salford, England and won a scholarship at the age of 17 to the Slade School of Fine Art in London.
When did Richardson go to Harvard Law School?
Cox. . He returned to Harvard Law School in 1945 where he became editor and president of the Harvard Law Review.
Who said "put the nation's interests first even when the personal cost was very high"?
After hearing of Mr. Richardson's death, President Clinton said that Mr. Richardson ''put the nation's interests first even when the personal cost was very high.''. Elliot Lee Richardson was born in Boston on July 20, 1920, the son of a prominent doctor who was professor of medicine at the Harvard Medical School.
Who is Donald Carr?
Donald Carr, a Washington lawyer who is writing a biography of Mr. Richardson said his research showed that no one had ever held four cabinet posts. In 1984 he ran unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the Senate from Massachusetts. Mr.
Who died in the Saturday Night Massacre?
Elliot Richardson Dies at 79; Stood Up to Nixon and Resigned In 'Saturday Night Massacre'. By NEIL A. LEWIS. Elliot L. Richardson, the archetype of the cultivated New England Brahmin who served in an astonishingly broad range of high public positions, and who was best known for his refusal during Watergate ...
Who was the Solicitor General of the Senate who dismissed Cox?
Eventually, Cox was dismissed by Solicitor General Robert H. Bork. Bor k pulled the final trigger in the sequence of events that became known as the "Saturday Night Massacre.". On Capitol Hill and in the media, the reaction was intense and extraordinary. Sen.
How did Elliot Richardson die?
attorney general when directed by President Richard M. Nixon to fire the special prosecutor investigating the Watergate break-in and subsequent coverup, died of a cerebral hemorrhage Dec. 31 at a hospital in Boston.
How many hours did Beethoven work?
Typically, he worked 12 to 14 hours a day at the office, where he was known as a notorious doodler who liked to wad up sheets of paper and shoot baskets with them. On weekends, he worked at home, often while simultaneously watching a football game on television or listening to a Beethoven sonata.
Why did John F. Kennedy quit?
But, in fact, he was deeply troubled by his decision to quit, friends said, because he felt he owed a debt of loyalty and allegiance to the president, who had appointed him to three Cabinet-level positions.
When did Richardson return to Boston?
In 1949, Mr. Richardson returned to Boston as an associate in the blue-chip law firm of Ropes, Gray, Best, Collidge and Rugg, remaining there for four years. During those years, he became convinced that the private practice of law "didn't match the satisfaction of doing a good job for the public.".
When did Nixon ask for the Secretary of Health and Welfare?
He served at the State Department until June 1970 when Nixon asked him to become secretary of the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, which by then had become an unwieldy and disorganized bureaucracy, beset with duplication of services, inefficient budgeting and a demoralized staff.
Where did Richardson live?
Mr. Richardson, who lived in Mitchellville, was visiting relatives in Massachusetts at the time of his death. His wife, Anne Francis Hazard Richardson, died July 26.
Overview
Nixon administration
Kleindienst suspended his private practice in 1969 to accept the post of Deputy Attorney General of the United States offered him by President Richard Nixon. This gave him responsibilities relating to the government's suit against ITT. Nixon and his aide John Ehrlichmantold him to drop the case, which created an impression that they were violating their ethical obligations in favor of ITT, an…
Early life and career
Kleindienst was born August 5, 1923, in Winslow, Arizona, the son of Gladys (Love) and Alfred R. Kleindienst. He served in the United States Army Air Forces from 1943 to 1946, and attended Harvard College and Harvard Law School, graduating from the latter in 1950.
From 1953 to 1954, he served in the Arizona House of Representatives; he followed that with some 15 years of private legal practice. He concurrently was Arizona Republican Party chairma…
Role in Goldwater Campaign
On January 3, 1964, Barry Goldwater asked his friend Kleindienst to serve as Director of Operations in his presidential campaign. Goldwater stipulated that he would only respond to the "draft Goldwater" movement if the campaign were led by three GOP Republicans close to him: Kleindienst, Denison Kitchel as Campaign Manager, and Dean Burch as Assistant Campaign Manager.
Later life
In 1982, Kleindienst was accused of having perjured himself to the Arizona Bar regarding how much he knew about a white-collar criminal he represented. He was cleared of all criminal charges brought against him.
On July 15, 1993, Richard Kleindienst wrote a letter to his dear friend and colleague Richard James Dowdall for adding his name to his law firm. Mr. Kleindienst wrote...”you did so at a very …
Bibliography
• Kleindienst, Richard (1985). Justice: The Memoirs of Attorney General Richard Kleindienst. Ottawa, Illinois: Jameson Books. ISBN 0-915463-15-6.
• For Kleindienst's limited role in Watergate, see Leon Jaworski, The Right and the Power, and Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, All the President's Men .
Overview
- The Saturday Night Massacre was a series of events that took place in the United States on the evening of Saturday, October 20, 1973, during the Watergate scandal. U.S. President Richard Nixon ordered Attorney General Elliot Richardson to fire Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox; Richardson refused and resigned effective immediately. Nixon then ordere...
History
- U.S. Attorney General Elliot Richardson had appointed Cox in May 1973 after promising the House Judiciary Committee that he would appoint a special prosecutor to investigate the events surrounding the break-in of the Democratic National Committee's offices at the Watergate Hotel in Washington, D.C., on June 17, 1972. The appointment was created as a career reserved positio…
Aftermath
- Initially, the Nixon White House claimed to have fired Ruckelshaus, but as an article published the next day by The Washington Post pointed out, "The letter from the President to Bork also said Ruckelshaus resigned", catching Nixon lying. The night he was fired, Cox's deputy prosecutor and press aides held an impassioned news briefing and read the following statement from him, "Whe…
Origin of the phrase
- The actual origin of the phrase is unknown; it first appeared in writing two days after the events, in a Washington Post article by David S. Broder on October 22, but even in that article, Broder writes that the events were already "being called" the Saturday Night Massacre. In a 2017 article in the Washington Post, Amy B. Wang attributed the phrase to humorist Art Buchwald, based on the re…
Impact and legacy
- Nixon felt political pressure to allow Bork to appoint a new special prosecutor, and Bork chose Leon Jaworski. There was a question whether Jaworski would limit his investigation to the Watergate break-in or follow Cox's lead and look into other corrupt activities, such as those involving the "White House Plumbers". Continuing Cox's investigation, Jaworski did look at broad…
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