which attorney goes first for a closing statement

by Houston Walter 8 min read

In the legal sense, a closing statement is delivered by the attorney on either side of the case: the prosecuting attorney and the defense attorney.

The lawyer for the plaintiff or government usually goes first. The lawyer sums up and comments on the evidence in the most favorable light for his or her side, showing how it proved what he or she had to prove to prevail in the case. After that side has made its case, the defense then presents its closing arguments.Sep 9, 2019

Full Answer

Who delivers the closing statement in a criminal case?

Dec 18, 2015 · Several of you have asked if the closing attorney is required by TRID to prepare a settlement statement. The answer is no, which raises several issues for the real estate licensee. First, a licensee is required by state law to ensure that their client receives a copy of the closing statement properly accounting for all funds paid, received and expended in connection with the …

What does a closing attorney do?

Nov 17, 2017 · Opens first, closes last, because plaintiff has the burden of proof. I am not your attorney and any posts/messages or responses to posts/messages can not and do not establish an attorney-client relationship. You should not rely upon free legal advice, and I disclaim any liability for the outcome if you do.

What should a lawyer do during the opening statements?

May 21, 2018 · Of course, the selling agent may be an attorney himself and will be present along with the seller, the seller’s attorney (if he chooses to have one present), the title company representative, the seller’s real estate agent, and your lender. Should I Consult a Lawyer about My Closing Issues?

What do lawyers talk about in closing arguments?

All the preliminary activity leads up to The Closing, which usually takes place at the closing attorney’s office. The closing attorney and the buyers attend, of course, and usually their realtor and occasionally the lender. The closing attorney reviews all the documentation involved in the transaction with the buyers.

image

Who goes first in the closing statements?

Usually, the prosecution first makes a closing argument, then the defense attorney. The prosecutor, who has the burden of proof, frequently gets the chance to respond to the defense's final argument.

What is the correct order of closing arguments?

The plaintiff, having the burden of proof, usually has the right to give her closing argument first, followed by the defendant's closing argument. In many jurisdictions, the plaintiff may use all of the allotted time, or the plaintiff may reserve time (e.g., ten minutes) to use after the defendant's closing argument.

Who speaks at closing arguments?

In a civil case, this means that a closing argument will be made by both the plaintiff's lawyer and the defendant's lawyer, whereby the plaintiff is the one who brought the suit and the defendant is the one being sued.

What is the order of opening statements?

Generally, the party who bears the burden of proof (plaintiff in a civil case or prosecution in a criminal case) begins the opening statements, followed immediately after by the adverse party (defendant).

How do you write a closing statement in court?

Summarize your evidence and how it relates to the law – Make reference to the evidence you presented to the court such as witness statements or documents that show the points you are trying to prove. Address any arguments by the other party- If you can show how their points do not apply to you, do so.

Who goes first in court?

The side bringing the case is the side that bears the burden of proof, and thus always goes first. This is the prosecuting attorney in a criminal case, or the plaintiff in a civil case. The defense then follows with their opening statement.

What can't you say in closing argument?

Objections During Closing Argument
  1. Violation of an In Limine Order: Counsel may not discuss items precluded by an order in limine. ...
  2. Reference to Facts Not in Evidence: Stating, or even alluding to, facts not presented into evidence is improper.

Can you object during closing statements?

Most jurors find objections during closing argument to be rude. Accordingly, do not object unless opposing counsel makes a major mistake that prejudices your client. Sometimes it is better to let a mistake go by (such as a reference to nonexistent evidence) and address the mistake in rebuttal.

What is the purpose of a closing statement in real estate?

A closing agent prepares the closing statement, which is settlement sheet. It's a comprehensive list of every expense that the buyer and seller must pay to complete the real estate transaction. Fees listed on this sheet include commissions, mortgage insurance, and property tax deposits.

What do lawyers say in their opening statement?

Opening statement:

It is during the opening statement that attorneys will tell the story of the case and what they hope to prove using the evidence that will be presented.

What are examples of opening statements?

Some examples:
  • “This is a case about taking chances.”
  • “Mary Jones had a dream and a plan.”
  • “Revenge. That's what this case is all about.”
  • “This is also a case about pain. Mr. Johnson's only companion today is constant pain.”
  • “This is a case about police brutality”

What happens after closing arguments?

After the closing arguments, the judge will give the jury its final instructions. Both sides may contest the content of those instructions because they can have an enormous effect on the jury's verdict. During deliberations, the jurors may have questions about the evidence or the instructions.

What is the closing argument in a trial?

An effective closing argument ties together all the pieces of a trial and tells a compelling story. Generally, closing arguments should include: any reasonable inferences that can be draw from the evidence. an attack on any holes or weaknesses in the other side's case.

What is the purpose of closing arguments?

In real life, closing arguments are a way for the attorneys to pull together all the evidence for the jury —they're intended to appeal to jurors' reason, not just their passion.

What does a lawyer ask a jury to do if there is reasonable doubt?

Since there is reasonable doubt about the identity of the shoplifter, the defense attorney will ask the jury to follow the law and find the defendant not guilty.

What happens when an attorney oversteps a jury?

When attorneys overstep them, usually a judge will simply tell the jury to disregard the improper argument. But when attorneys commit serious misconduct during closing, a judge might declare a mistrial, and if not, a court of appeal might overturn any conviction. Arguments must be based on evidence.

What does a prosecutor do in a rebuttal?

In rebuttal, the prosecutor might point out that police found items at the defendant's home that are identical to the stolen goods, and that the alibi came from the defendant's family member— hardly an unbiased source. The prosecutor will then ask the jury to uphold the law and find defendant guilty.

What is the last chance to remind the jury of the prosecution's high burden of proof?

For defense counsel, closing argument is the last chance to remind the jury of the prosecution's high burden of proof and to persuade the jury that there is, at a minimum, reasonable doubt as to the defendant's guilt.

What is a plea to the jury?

a plea to the jury to take a specific action, such as convict, acquit, or convict only on a lesser charge. For example, in a shoplifting case, the criminal defense attorney's closing argument might go through all the evidence, but focus on the fact that the surveillance video was blurry and the defendant's alibi.

Fred T Isquith

The lawyer for the plaintiff usually goes first. The lawyer for the defendant then goes . And plaintiffs lawyer can reserve time to rebut the defendant

Terry David Horner

Plaintiff sums up last. Opens first, closes last, because plaintiff has the burden of proof.

What Types of Legal Documents Will I Be Signing?

If you have obtained a mortgage loan to help you pay for the property, you should expect to sign a contract between you and the lender providing your mortgage. You should also expect to sign a contract between you and the seller or buyer. This contract will explain the terms of transfer of ownership of the property.

Are Those the Only Documents I Will Be Signing?

In addition to the aforementioned contracts, there are several other documents you can expect to both review carefully and sign. These include:

Can I Have an Attorney Present at the Closing?

An attorney can be present, and it is highly recommended that you do have your attorney with you in case you have any last-minute questions or issues.

Should I Consult a Lawyer about My Closing Issues?

Buying and financing a piece of real estate can be one of the most financially burdensome experiences of your life. A real estate attorney can advise you of the different mortgage financing options for this financial endeavor.

How does a closing attorney work?

Briefly, the closing attorney searches the records at the County Register of Deeds Office to determine ownership of the property, find restrictive covenants, check for access to the property, identify any easements or rights that benefit or burden the property. The title is reviewed for 30 or more years, to be sure a “chain of title” is in place leading to the current owner (this time period may be shortened if a “prior” title insurance policy can be found). The closing attorney also checks the records at the County Clerk of Court’s Office to be sure there are no judgments of record that create liens on the property. If the property is being sold out of an estate, the Clerk’s estate records are also checked to determine who has to sign the deed, and to be sure the estate has been properly processed. The closing attorney reviews County Tax office records. The closing attorney also checks with the municipality in which the property is located to be sure there are no outstanding assessments owed by the seller.

What is a closing attorney?

The closing attorney represents the buyer in the buyer’s purchase of real estate, or refinance of a mortgage loan. The closing process can be divided into three parts: Pre-closing, Closing, and Post-Closing. Here are some of the responsibilities and tasks of the closing attorney.

What is included in the closing package?

The closing attorney reviews the loan package, typing in the legal description, property tax information, homeowner’s insurance information, and various terms and details as needed to ensure the documents are fully complete and accurate. The closing attorney adds other documentation to the closing package that will be reviewed at closing, such as a copy of homeowners insurance, the title insurance binder, a copy of any plat map, any restrictive covenants, any home warranty. A copy of the entire package is made for the buyers.

What to bring to closing?

Information Gathering. One of the main tasks for the closing attorney’s office is gathering information from a variety of sources, and assembling it for closing, including things such as: 1 Homeowners insurance policies and premiums 2 Homeowners Association Dues (which are collected and/or prorated at closing) 3 Termite reports, home inspections, other costs to be collected at closing 4 Home warranty information 5 Realtor commission information

What is final title opinion?

Final Title Opinion. Soon after recording the closing attorney draws up a “final title opinion” which reports the deed and deed of trust recording information, and the status of the seller’s mortgage loans that have been paid off, to the buyer’s title insurance company, and the closing attorney send s that title opinion to the title insurance company along with the title insurance premium .

What funds are needed to close a house?

Funds to Closing. The buyers are informed of the amount of money to bring to closing (which must be either “certified funds” such as a cashiers check, or wired funds).

Where does closing take place?

CLOSING. All the preliminary activity leads up to The Closing, which usually takes place at the closing attorney’s office. The closing attorney and the buyers attend, of course, and usually their realtor and occasionally the lender. The closing attorney reviews all the documentation involved in the transaction with the buyers.

What is a closing statement?

A closing statement is a statement made at the end of a debate, or more often, a legal trial, delivered by a representative of each side of the case or debate. It is the last chance for both parties of said debate or trial to state their argument, and hopefully affect the verdict or outcome in their favor.

What is the final argument in a closing statement?

Final argument: The final words of a closing statement are often very passionate, demonstrating the importance of justice, and explaining how you and your client have used the legal system to prove guilt, if you’re prosecuting, or innocence, if you’re defending. Whatever you say in the final sentences of your closing statement, ...

Why is a closing statement persuasive?

A closing statement must be persuasive, because it is delivered by one who supports a particular side of an argument. In the legal sense, a closing statement is delivered by the attorney on either side of the case: the prosecuting attorney and the defense attorney. If the defendant or plaintiff, the person or company on each side of the case, is unrepresented, meaning without a lawyer to argue on his or her behalf, he or she has the option to deliver a closing statement of his or her own creation.

What did the Simpson verdict mean?

The Simpson verdict led to outrage among many Americans, as the rest of trial had seemed to indicate Simpson’s certain guilt. In both of these examples, the cases concluded in an unexpected way, reminding those watching or reading that no matter what, a trial is decided by a jury alone. For better or for worse, a closing statement, ...

What is the closing statement in To Kill a Mockingbird?

A very famous fictional example of a closing statement comes from Harper Lee’s ‘To Kill a Mockingbird.’. In the novel, Atticus Finch, a southern lawyer, must defend a black man against charges of rape and assault.

How to start a statement of trial?

The way things stood at the beginning of the trial: Your statement should begin by detailing the state of affairs when the trial began, whether that was this morning or five months ago (the length of a statement correlates with the length of the trial, in most cases). This can include the charges laid against the defendant, their relationship to the plaintiff, and the circumstances that led to those charges being pressed. Any background information that you deem important to the verdict should be mentioned at the start of your statement.

What is a fictional closing statement?

A Fictional Closing Statement Example: A closing statement often proves to be the most dramatic or memorable part of the legal process. The concept of justice and punishing those who have done wrong is inherently exciting for people, and fictional books and television shows play off that excitement all the time.

What is the closing argument in a trial?

A closing argument is the last chance an attorney has to address the judge and jury.

How to write a closing story?

Use well known stories, analogies, and rhymes to prove your point. During your closing, you can use analogies and stories to explain your theory of the case . If you do choose a story that you think fits the case, make sure that it is something that most people would have heard of so you don't have jurors who have no idea what you are talking about.

How to bring up a theory in a closing argument?

Bring up your theory at the beginning of your closing argument. Try to bring it up during the first 30 seconds of your argument to focus the jury's attention on the theory. Then continue to reference the theory throughout the rest of the argument.

Why should the jury be familiar with each side's theory of the case when closing arguments are given?

Because the theory of the case stays the same throughout the trial, the jury should be familiar with each side's theory of the case when closing arguments are given. Bring up your theory at the beginning of your closing argument.

How to make sure everyone understands your closing argument?

To make sure that everyone in the jury understands your closing argument, also avoid technical or legal terms. The average juror has a sixth grade education, so don't alienate people by trying to sound “lawyerly” or “smart.”.

How to prepare for a personal injury trial?

Prepare visual aids . After sitting through a trial, many jurors have heard and seen a huge amount of information. To help the jurors remember the information that was presented throughout the trial, and to make sure that the jurors remember the important parts of your closing argument when they begin deliberations, use visual aids during your closing argument. Charts, graphs, pictures, and words can be used as visuals during your closing argument. Such visual aids are quite common in personal injury cases.

What is a closing rebuttal?

Closing rebuttals are available for prosecutors in criminal cases. This can be used if something new and unexpected is brought up by the defense in their closing argument. To do a rebuttal, ask the court to reserve a minute or two of your time at the start of your argument.

What should the closing argument focus on?

The closing argument should focus on how the defendant took shortcuts in a variety of safety issues which led to numerous accidents and eventually plaintiff’s death. Do not be afraid to argue in closing argument-juries expect it. Appealing to emotions is important if the case facts justify it.

Why is damaging testimony used in closing arguments?

Damaging testimony is even more devastating when used during closing argument because the attorney can set up the testi­mony, play only the important clips the attorney wants the jury to hear , and then argue why the testimony is important .

What is the importance of synthesizing evidence in closing argument?

Even though a jury has heard all the evidence, it is critical to synthesize the evidence in closing argument. Merely sum­marizing the evidence is insufficient. The evidence needs to be argued. For instance, if the defendant had knowledge of a dangerous condition but did nothing about it, the trial attorney needs to remind the jury about the evidence and then draw a conclusion about it. The conclusion might be that the defendant was incompetent – or worse – intentionally ignored the problem because the defendant concluded that addressing the problem would be too expensive. There may be evidence that the defendant had an expensive bid to repair the problem and then decided not to make the repair. As a result of this shortsighted attitude, plaintiff was killed.

What should be highlighted in a court case?

It is critical that the attorney have evidence to support every event on the timeline, or a court may require the attorney to remove the event from the timeline or exclude it from closing argument al together.

Why did the defendant ignore the problem?

The conclusion might be that the defendant was incompetent – or worse – intentionally ignored the problem because the defendant concluded that addressing the problem would be too expensive. There may be evidence that the defendant had an expensive bid to repair the problem and then decided not to make the repair.

What are some examples of charts used in closing arguments?

Some examples of charts I have used in closing arguments include: (1) a chart identifying the defendant’s inconsistent statements; (2) a chart showing the top 10 reasons why the defendant’s defenses did not make any sense; (3) a pie chart comparing sales figures of transactions at issue; and (4) a bar chart showing the defendant’s purchasing history.

Does attacking opposing counsel help your case?

Attacking opposing counsel does not help your client and does nothing to advance your case. Moreover, you may offend the jury by making personal attacks.

image

The Right to Present A Defense

  • Under the Sixth Amendment, defendants have a right to present a defense. They are also entitled to give a closing argument. Usually, the prosecution first makes a closing argument, then the defense attorney. The prosecutor, who has the burden of proof, frequently gets the chance to respond to the defense's final argument. For defense counsel, closi...
See more on nolo.com

Typical Closing Arguments

  • An effective closing argument ties together all the pieces of a trial and tells a compelling story. Generally, closing arguments should include: 1. a summary of the evidence 2. any reasonable inferences that can be draw from the evidence 3. an attack on any holes or weaknesses in the other side's case 4. a summary of the law for the jury and a reminder to follow it, and 5. a plea to …
See more on nolo.com

Limits on Argument

  • In practice, judges give attorneys great freedom at closing, as long as the argument has some relation to the evidence presented at trial. Additionally, judges must carefully craft any restrictions on closing so that they don't deny the defendant the opportunity to discuss important considerations for the jury. Nonetheless, there are limits to proper closing argument. When attor…
See more on nolo.com

Obtaining Legal Assistance

  • A good closing argument can result in an acquittal, a hung jury, or even a conviction for a less serious offense. If you are facing criminal charges, the best way to protect your rights and defend yourself is to work with an experienced criminal defense attorney.
See more on nolo.com