what should trigger litigation hold - attorney request for documents

by Dr. Jasper Wilderman 7 min read

Situations triggering an obligation to preserve evidence include receipt of a demand letter, formal complaint, records subpoena, or the occurrence of an event that typically results in litigation.

Situations triggering an obligation to preserve evidence include receipt of a demand letter, formal complaint, records subpoena, or the occurrence of an event that typically results in litigation.Oct 7, 2020

Full Answer

What are the triggers for litigation hold letters?

Jul 11, 2018 · A “litigation hold” requires a party to take efforts to properly preserve documents and electronically-stored information (ESI) that could be relevant to anticipated litigation. The hold should put a stop on any current internal policies or procedures that could cause the loss of documents or ESI that could be relevant in an upcoming lawsuit.

What is a “litigation hold?

basically advise of the possibility of future litigation and identify relevant documents and ESI which should be preserved. The terms “Litigation Hold Letter” and “Litigation Hold Notice” are used interchangeably to describe written requests from adversaries designed to …

Do you need a litigation hold letter for your business?

Seeking advice of counsel or even discussing a plan to initiate litigation can trigger the duty to preserve electronically stored information and documents relevant to the impending litigation. class="MsoEndnoteReference" Rimkus Consulting Group, Inc. v. Cammarata, 688 F. Supp. 2d 598, 641 (S.D. Tex. 2010).

How do you preserve evidence in a litigation hold?

Litigation hold notices should identify and cover physical evidence such as the following. hard copies of documents, whether printed or handwritten, including but not limited to: letters, memoranda or correspondence forms and reports external and internal literature and books notes schedules, worksheets or plans minutes, transcripts, journals

When should a litigation hold be implemented?

A company should implement a litigation hold as soon as it learns that it has a duty to preserve. The duty to preserve electronic and paper records arises once a company: Identifies a potential claim. Receives a complaint or otherwise is put on notice of a lawsuit against it.

What is a document hold notice?

A legal hold (also known as a litigation hold) is a notification sent from an organization's legal team to employees instructing them not to delete electronically stored information (ESI) or discard paper documents that may be relevant to a new or imminent legal case.

What is it called when a lawyer requests information?

A subpoena (pronounced "suh-pee-nuh") is a request for the production of documents, or a request to appear in court or other legal proceeding.Jan 17, 2018

Can a document on litigation hold be destroyed?

A litigation hold ensures that the documents relating to the litigation are not destroyed and are available for the discovery process prior to litigation.

How do you make a litigation hold?

Go to the Microsoft 365 admin center and then click Users > Active users. Select the user that you want to place on Litigation hold. On the properties flyout page, click the Mail tab, and then under More actions, click Manage litigation hold.Jan 7, 2022

How do I verify a litigation hold?

How do you know this worked?Go to Recipients > Mailboxes.In the list of user mailboxes, click the mailbox that you want to verify Litigation Hold settings for, and then click Edit .On the mailbox properties page, click Mailbox features.Under Litigation hold, verify that hold is enabled.More items...•Feb 10, 2022

What types of evidence can be legally obtained during the discovery process?

Discovery, in the law of common law jurisdictions, is a pre-trial procedure in a lawsuit in which each party, through the law of civil procedure, can obtain evidence from the other party or parties by means of discovery devices such as interrogatories, requests for production of documents, requests for admissions and ...

How do you respond to request for production of documents?

Step 1: Complete Your Written Responses. There is no Judicial Council form specifically for this procedure. ... Step 2: Make Copies. ... Step 3: Have Your Response Served. ... Step 4: Retain Your Response and Proof of Service. ... Step 5: Produce the Requested Documents and Things.

What is exculpatory evidence?

In criminal law, exculpatory evidence is some fact, testimony or document that, if used at a criminal trial, might help prove that the accused was not guilty of the charges.Sep 14, 2021

Why are litigation holds important?

The underlying purpose of litigation holds is to preserve electronic evidence that may be relevant to upcoming litigation, so it is crucial to know when the obligation to preserve evidence kicks in, what to preserve, and how to do it.

What is a hold letter?

Oftentimes, the trigger for a litigation hold is a “litigation hold letter” or notice, also called a “stop destruction” or “preservation” letter, which is a written document that informs a party directly of an impending legal action.

Did the defense counsel preserve evidence?

Although defense counsel initially agreed to preserve the evidence, they later acknowledged that the information had been accidentally lost; physical copies of the requested information went missing in an office move and the site that had stored the relevant electronic data had deleted it as a matter of course.

What happens if you have reasonable anticipation of litigation?

Case law and rules indicate that if you have the reasonable anticipation of litigation, you must issue a litigation hold or you risk losing data that may become at issue in the litigation, and there by risk sanctions on account of spoliation.

Can an HR manager issue a hold?

HR managers and employment litigation attorneys often face the dilemma that they have in an employment dispute but it doesn’t (yet) rise to the level of anticipated litigation. When to issue the hold becomes problematic, particularly when analyzed in hindsight.

Litigation Hold: When is Litigation Reasonably Anticipated?

The discovery process is defined as the stage of litigation where the parties request and exchange information from one another relevant to the underlying dispute. Failure to provide information that has been requested in discovery has the potential to result in negative consequences for the party failing to produce.

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What is a litigation hold?

In the most basic terms, a litigation hold is a written notice to employees and individuals under an entity’s direction and control instructing them to retain any documents, e-mails, videos, property, etc. related to a certain issue that is or may be subject to litigation. It is also notice to the information ...

Why should you be notified of a litigation hold?

Individuals responsible for records retention or records destruction should be notified about a litigation hold as soon as possible because it may affect records in their custody and control.

What is a hold notice in a lawsuit?

The litigation hold notice is issued to prevent the spoliation of evidence. “Spoliation” is the destruction or significant alteration of evidence, or the failure to preserve property for another’s use as evidence in pending or reasonably foreseeable litigation.

What is the key question for members to remember about litigation holds and evidence?

The key question for members to remember about litigation holds and evidence is, does the item relate to the subject of the potential litigation, not where or how it is saved or stored. Implementation and execution of a litigation hold is highly fact specific.

When is the duty to preserve implemented?

How and When Are Litigation Holds Implemented? The duty to preserve arises not only when a lawsuit is filed, but also during the period when a party reasonably anticipates litigation and should know that the evidence may be relevant to the anticipated lawsuit.

What are sources of ESI?

Sources of the documents and ESI may include, but are not limited to: all paper (hard copy) files. computer hard drives. computer servers. voice mail systems. removable media (CDs, DVDs, flash drives, backup tapes) laptop or tablet computers.

Who sends a hold notice?

When appropriate, legal counsel typically coordinates sending a litigation hold notice. However, in some entities, it is the risk manager, county administrator or human resource professional who issues and coordinates the hold. This notice should be sent to individuals who may have information or evidence relating to the subject ...

What is a good strategy for dealing with litigation hold letters?

A good strategy for dealing with litigation hold letters can go a long way towards helping your company anticipate and prepare for litigation more broadly. Getting an early understanding of the documents relevant to a legal matter can give your team a better sense of your strengths and weaknesses, and let you know when it may be time to bargain.

Do litigation hold notices require a business to preserve all records?

Litigation hold notices do not require a business to preserve every record or email it has ever created. Particularly for large corporations, this would be impossible. Instead, they typically relate to a certain matter or dispute that is the subject of possible litigation and require the recipient to locate and hold onto any records related to that matter.

What does "hold" mean in a lawsuit?

To this end, you want to draft and issue a written litigation hold notice (“Hold”). While an oral directive may convey all the necessary information to the proper people, ...

What is a hold in a document?

In sum, a Hold should include at least the above essential information and should be drafted in a clear and comprehensive fashion such that recipients understand what is being asked of them. The Hold will serve as the means for proper compliance with the client’s document preservation requirements.

What is DNT in Sausalito CA?

Sausalito, California 94965. Some browsers have incorporated a Do Not Track (DNT) feature. These features, when turned on, send a signal that you prefer that the website you are visiting not collect and use data regarding your online searching and browsing activities.

What is confidential nature of a lawsuit?

Confidentiality: Stress the confidential nature of the lawsuit and the company’s expectation that employees not discuss the matter with one another or others ( i.e., spouses, friends) unless doing so is approved by counsel.

Is preservation mandatory?

Mandatory Preservation: Emphasize that preservation is mandatory, and that failure to comply may compromise the company’s ability to prosecute its claims or defend itself in the lawsuit. Preservation is mandatory.

What is a litigation hold letter?

If the Litigation Hold letter is drafted as broadly as most, it will likely seek documents specifically relating to the matter at issue (for example, the file relating to a particular customer or client), but also may seek documents relating to broader corporate policies.

How to respond to a letter of request?

Although the letter may sound fairly straightforward, and your initial reaction to the letter may be that you believe that you have already taken all of the necessary steps to comply with the requests outlined in the letter, we strongly recommend that you contact counsel right away. The primary reason for reaching out to counsel is to let counsel review the letter, then evaluate whether a response is appropriate. In many circumstances, even a brief response to the letter could help protect your company’s interests in the long run. For example, if the letter requires preservation of “all electronic data,” your counsel could write back and explain your company’s ordinary document retention policy, and offer to preserve additional data from certain employees. By responding to the letter, you are notifying the sender of your plan for responding to the letter and are protecting your company’s interests moving forward, in the event that suit is filed.

Who is Sarah Sullivan?

Sarah represents local, regional, and national companies in commercial litigation in Indiana and around the country. She represents clients in all stages of the litigation process, including trial, and has successfully defended claims for breach of contract, tortious interference with contractual and business relationships, alleged product defects, and premises liability.

What is ESI in business?

In today’s world of fast-paced, electronic communication, nearly every corporation in the U.S. maintains electronically stored information (commonly referred to as “ESI”). In general, ESI includes emails, documents, spreadsheets, and text messages. Many companies have formal document retention policies which describe how ...

What is a legal hold?

Litigation holds are used to prevent spoliation of evidence and are generally put into motion when an attorney directs a client to preserve evidence relevant to a legal dispute. Often, the lawyer implementing the legal hold is in-house counsel for a company and the “clients” are company employees. Litigation hold letters ...

Why are hold letters not subject to discovery?

Ford Motor Co ., noted above, the court considered litigation hold letters attorney work product and not subject to discovery because the notices related to litigation, were created after a dispute arose and existed solely to assure compliance with discovery obligations that might arise in litigation. The court believed that compelling production of legal hold notices could dissuade other businesses from issuing such instructions in the event of litigation.

Why are litigation notices not protected from discovery?

Among other reasons, the court held the litigation notices were not protected from discovery because the letters did not advise employees to keep them confidential, and, in fact, instructed recipients to share the letter with others who had not received it. The general rule that litigation hold letters are protected by the attorney client privilege ...

Why was disclosure of the hold notice appropriate?

The court found evidence of ESI spoliation and concluded disclosure of the hold notice appropriate because the defendants acknowledged the obligation to preserve evidence, did not establish that destruction of the ESI was without culpable conduct and the information potentially related to claims in the case.

What is ESIS in legal terms?

The obligation to preserve relevant information applies to both paper documents and electronically stored information (“ESI”). It is also often a legal hold best practice to direct recipients to halt document destruction policies.

When did the duty to preserve evidence begin?

The court determined that the duty to preserve evidence began in 2003 when litigation was reasonably anticipated and as a result of the failure to timely implement a litigation hold, the court believed evidence was likely lost and therefore the litigation hold letters should enjoy no privilege.

Can a litigation hold letter be discovered?

Litigation hold letters are not discoverable in litigation if they include information protected by the attorney-client privilege. See, e.g, Muro v. Target Corp., 250 FRD 350, 360 (N.D. Ill. 2007) (finding a litigation hold notice privileged because it was a communication “of legal advice from corporate counsel to corporate employees regarding document preservation….”). Although information in litigation hold letters may be protected, courts often permit discovery of the date of issue, the recipients, and steps taken to preserve evidence. Cannata v. Wyndham Worldwide Corporation , Case No. 2:10-cv-00068-PMP-VCF (D. Nev. Aug 16, 2012).

Understand The Costs and Risks of Implementing A Legal Hold

Tactical Benefits of Documenting Each Decision

  • Scrutiny about litigation hold decisions takes place after something happened and opposing counsel wants to second-guess your decision-making. Let’s assume, for example, that an employee departed in January, you got a demand letter in March, you issued your hold in May, and suit was filed in August. Opposing counsel makes a big deal about your not ...
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Specific Cases That Highlight The Importance of Documentation

  • HR managers and employment litigation attorneys often face the dilemma that they have in an employment dispute but it doesn’t (yet) rise to the level of anticipated litigation. When to issue the hold becomes problematic, particularly when analyzed in hindsight. Look at Viramontes v. U.S. Bancorp, 2011 WL 291077 (N.D. Ill. Jan. 27, 2011).In that case, Plaintiff filed her action ten mont…
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