what is the purpose of an attorney holding funds in their own trust account - avvo

by Angus Schmitt 9 min read

A fiduciary has a high level of responsibility to the person he or she represents. In this role, a lawyer may receive funds that belong to a client or third party. To reduce the risk of the lawyer using that money incorrectly, the lawyer must place it in a trust account.

Full Answer

Can a law firm hold funds in a trust account?

A Lawyer’s 7-Point Plan for Trust Account Management 1. Avoiding the appearance of impropriety: Keeping trust funds separated from firm funds A lawyer trust account is essentially a business checking account or its equivalent, established by the firm to hold client funds. FUNDS DEPOSITED INTO A TRUST ACCOUNT

What is an attorney trust account and why is it important?

Nov 28, 2018 · Attorneys are allowed to deposit money out of their own pockets into their client trust account to pay bank charges, but probably a better practice is to set up a system with the bank that automatically takes moneys out of the attorney's general account. This practice will make sure the attorney does not commingle funds and never has an ...

Who is responsible for client funds in an attorney's account?

Apr 09, 2015 · First, the attorney has a duty to keep the client's funds or property secure and separate from the attorney's (and from the firm's) own funds and property. Second, the attorney must notify the client of the receipt of any funds or property intended for the client. Finally, the attorney must provide a full accounting of all client funds or ...

Can My Lawyer Steal my client's trust fund?

Oct 21, 2012 · Generally, the attorney trust account is where an attorney will deposit client funds until they are earned by the attorney, at which point they can be withdrawn and deposited to the attorney's own account. If the attorney is asked by a client to deposit money, as described in your scenario, the attorney is using the account as an escrow account. The attorney's client should …

Why do lawyers have trust accounts?

A fiduciary has a high level of responsibility to the person he or she represents. In this role, a lawyer may receive funds that belong to a client or third party.

What is IOLTA trust?

IOLTA is a non-profit program that funds the provision of civil legal services for the indigent and sponsors other programs that further the administration of justice. Next time you find yourself explaining the trust account to your clients, use these talking points.

Who is Tom Boyle?

Tom Boyle is Co-Founder of TrustBooks, web-based software for managing trust activity in compliance with state bar requirements. TrustBooks is simple and intuitive, so trust accounting isn’t intimidating. Prior to TrustBooks, Tom owned Boyle CPA, a CPA firm that provided accounting and consulting services to small businesses with a focus on law firms. TrustBooks offers a 30 day free trial at www.trustbooks.com.

How to do trust accounting?

After you’ve read more about trust accounting and checked your local rules, what do you do next? Well, you can start by applying this information to how you address trust accounting in your own firm. Below are a few pointers: 1 Set clear trust accounting policies. Clearly spell out your office policies for trust accounting. This will ensure a helpful assistant does not accidentally commingle funds or commit some other clerical error. 2 Set up systems to guard against error. Do the simple stuff, like using different colored checks, to keep your name off the disciplinary list. 3 Get a little help from technology. Ditch the Excel spreadsheet or paper ledger. Use some of the many available tools to regularly track your transactions and reconcile records with bank statements. Options include Clio Manage and/or Quickbooks.

What happens when a case ends?

When a case ends, and all claims are settled, any remaining amount is refunded to the client. If there is a dispute over your fees, and you have client money in the trust account, check with your state bar—many require you to hold that money in the trust account while the fee dispute is handled.

Can you practice law without a trust account?

In some states, you can’t even practice without having an account. Even if it’s for pro bono work. It’s common for law firms to operate one or more pooled trust accounts depending on the nature and needs of the practice. For example, firms that handle real estate matters may require several pooled trust accounts at different financial institutions. On the other hand, a criminal practice may require only one pooled trust account.

What is an attorney trust account?

Attorney trust accounts are a third type of account, which may or may not be interest-bearing. For most attorneys, a non-IOLTA trust account is used for an individual client with a large balance on hold, such as a personal injury payout. If the account accrues interest, that interest goes to the client.

What is a minor clerical error?

A minor clerical error or two, usually a result of sloppy office procedures, results in commingling of funds. The firm does not self-report, but does correct the error. The bar finds out later due to an unrelated ethics complaint and punishes the firm for the failure to report.

Do you have to go to a bank branch in person?

If you practice in multiple states, beware that you are in for a major headache. As far as I can tell, all banks require you to go, in person, to a branch that is physically located in the state in which you wish to open an account.

What software do lawyers use to run their own law firm?

Accounting is probably the worst part of running your own law firm. Many attorneys turn to QuickBooks or Xero for managing their accounting and recordkeeping, rather than Excel spreadsheets. QuickBooks and Xero integrate with Clio Manage, which will save time on data entry.

What is a definite no no?

A definite no-no is commingling client trust funds with the attorney's own money. Of course, this means keeping the funds in a separate bank account, but there is more to it than that.

Can an attorney get in trouble for stealing client money?

There are any number of ways for an attorney to get in trouble, but one sure fire way is to mishandle client funds. While it's obvious that stealing your client's money constitutes malpractice, there are less obvious, and usually unintentional, ways an attorney can accomplish the same thing with an attorney client trust account.

Can an attorney deposit money into a trust account?

Attorneys are allowed to deposit money out of their own pockets into their client trust account to pay bank charges, but probably a better practice is to set up a system with the bank that automatically takes moneys out of the attorney's general account. This practice will make sure the attorney does not commingle funds ...

Is it hard to set up a trust account for an attorney?

Attorney client trust accounts are not that hard to setup and manage, but the attorney needs to pay attention to the Professional Rules of Conduct concerning the accounts. Your bar association has information about how to set them up and to ensure that they operate smoothly. As long as you pay attention to the account and keep good records, there's no reason why you should be concerned about malpractice with your client trust account.

What is kiting money?

Kiting refers to paying for something before you have the funds. A typical example is writing a check today against monies that will be deposited tomorrow, but it could also be paying one client from another client's money deposit. Examples of kiting funds include:

Is it bad to pay a client early?

Paying a Client Early. It's bad practice to pay a client's portion of the settlement monies before the check has cleared the bank. The check may not clear and a commingling of funds will occur if attorneys deposit their own money to cover the payment to the client.

Is overdraft protection bad?

Overdraft Protection. On its face, this isn't a bad idea, especially for paying those pesky bank fees. However, if it's used to pay the client early before the money is received or the check has cleared then it is an impermissible loan that creates a commingling problem.

What is the duty of an attorney?

First, the attorney has a duty to keep the client's funds or property secure and separate from the attorney's (and from the firm's) own funds and property. Second, the attorney must notify the client of the receipt of any funds or property intended for the client.

What is client trust account?

The client trust or escrow account is usually just a separate bank account that is opened and maintained by the attorney or firm, and which is dedicated solely to money received from and intended for clients. In some states, attorneys have discretion about whether to deposit client funds in interest-bearing bank accounts, ...

Christian Frederick Paul

If you put money into an attorney's trust account, the attorney is duty-bound to pay the money according to the specific instructions / directions of the client. Failure to do so jeopardizes the attorney's license to practice law.

Eric Jerome Gold

Generally, the attorney trust account is where an attorney will deposit client funds until they are earned by the attorney, at which point they can be withdrawn and deposited to the attorney's own account. If the attorney is asked by a client to deposit money, as described in your scenario, the attorney is using the account as an escrow account.

Neil Pedersen

An attorney trust account is a special account that attorneys can use for very limited purposes. It is the place where client funds are to be deposited before they are allowed to be credited to the attorney for work performed or costs incurred. All interest earned in the trust account does not accrue to the client's or the attorney's benefit.

What is a Fidelity Fund Certificate?

The departure in relation to the obligations of a trust account legal practitioner is that a trust account legal practitioner must be in possession of a Fidelity Fund Certificate (FFC), which must indicate that the legal practitioner concerned is obliged to practice subject to the Act (s 84 (1) and (4)). If a trust account legal practitioner is not in possession of an FFC, no legal practitioner or person employed by that legal practitioner may receive or hold funds or property belonging to any person, nor may they take a deposit on account of fees or disbursements in respect of legal services to be rendered (s 84 (2) and (3)).

What are the obligations of a trust account?

Obligations attached to trust accounts, are the responsibility of each individual trust account legal practitioner, whether they are practising (or deemed to be practising) for their own account – either alone or as a partner, or as a member or director of a juristic entity, or as a s 34 (2) ( b) advocate. A trust account legal practitioner must always be aware of their duty to comply with the requirements of the Act and the rules. Reasonable measures and controls must be implemented by the legal practitioner to ensure compliance with such obligations.