what happens if a district attorney reads the notes from the defense

What kind of evidence does the district attorney have?

Nov 16, 2017 · This doesn’t happen in every case, most prosecutors run an honest practice, but it happens. A few years ago, the Orange County District Attorney’s office was scandalized by allegations that it withheld material evidence from the defense and the court in …

Can a defense attorney poke holes in a prosecution case?

Aug 29, 2019 · What I mean is that often times, the district attorneys, while they’re very good attorneys, and they’re trained to do their jobs, they’re also trained to see people who come in as criminal defendants rather than seeing them as people. What I really like about being a criminal defense lawyer, is that my job is to get to know my client as a ...

What is the defense entitled to know about the prosecution's case?

Defense Strategies. Defenses are arguments with supporting evidence that a defense attorney puts forth to secure the freedom of his or her client. A defense grows out of a defendant's version of the events in the alleged crime. It is intended to bring about the most favorable outcome for the defendant (for example, a verdict of not guilty or an ...

When does the prosecuting attorney have to disclose information to the defendant?

Feb 16, 2013 · However, many times the district attorney has only one side of the story to base this on. It is important to get a good criminal defense attorney at the time the District Attorney is reviewing the matter. In this way, the other side can be presented and sometimes your attorney can influence the non-filing of a case or a reduced charge.

What are four types of prosecutorial misconduct?

The term prosecutorial misconduct refers to illegal or unethical conduct by a prosecutor in a criminal case....1. What are the four main types of prosecutorial misconduct?failure to disclose exculpatory evidence,introducing false evidence,using improper arguments, and.discriminating in jury selection.

What are the consequences of prosecutorial misconduct?

Sufficiently culpable and harmful misconduct can result in the dismissal of charges or a declaration of a mistrial. Misconduct can also be raised on appeal or by a collateral attack on the conviction through a petition for habeas corpus. Such relief is rare, however.

What is defense misconduct?

In jurisprudence, prosecutorial misconduct is "an illegal act or failing to act, on the part of a prosecutor, especially an attempt to sway the jury to wrongly convict a defendant or to impose a harsher than appropriate punishment." It is similar to selective prosecution.

What sanctions would you suggest for prosecutorial misconduct?

Sanctions for prosecutorial misconduct include appellate reversal of convictions, finding the prosecutor in contempt of court, referring the prosecutor to a bar association grievance committee, and removing the prosecutor from office.

What is prosecutorial bluffing?

66766. W F MCDONALD; J A CRAMER; H H ROSSMAN. 1980. 23 pages. PROSECUTORIAL BLUFFING IS EXAMINED WITH REGARD TO ITS MEANING, ITS FREQUENCY, THE EXTENT TO WHICH IT IS ACCOMPANIED BY ELABORATE FRAUDS, AND THE DEGREE TO WHICH IT INVOLVES ILLEGAL OR UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR.

What constitutes vindictive prosecution?

Vindictive prosecution is when a prosecutor violates a defendant's due process rights and if they are using their decision to prosecute the defendant for purposes of retaliation.Oct 19, 2020

What happens if a prosecutor falsified evidence?

In the United States, if the prosecution obtains a criminal conviction using evidence that it knows is false, the conviction violates the defendant's constitutional right to due process (e.g., Napue v. Illinois, 1959).

What is exculpatory evidence?

In criminal law, exculpatory evidence is some fact, testimony or document that, if used at a criminal trial, might help prove that the accused was not guilty of the charges.Sep 14, 2021

What occurs if the prosecution purposefully refuses to disclose evidence?

If the prosecution does not disclose material exculpatory evidence under this rule, and prejudice has ensued, the evidence will be suppressed.

What is unethical for a lawyer?

Attorney misconduct may include: conflict of interest, overbilling, refusing to represent a client for political or professional motives, false or misleading statements, knowingly accepting worthless lawsuits, hiding evidence, abandoning a client, failing to disclose all relevant facts, arguing a position while ...

What happens with most complaints about attorney misconduct group of answer choices?

What happens with most complaints about attorney misconduct? The complainant receives a settlement.

What is a Brady violation when it comes to discovery issues?

A “Brady Violation” is what happens when the prosecutors in a criminal case fail to perform their constitutional duty to turn over helpful evidence to the people they have charged with crimes. Everyone has the right to due process and a fair trial.Mar 12, 2021

Who must disclose to the defendant?

The prosecuting attorney shall disclose to the defendant or his or her attorney all of the following materials and information, if it is in the possession of the prosecuting attorney or if the prosecuting attorney knows it to be in the possession of the investigating agencies:

What is the first item of discovery a defense attorney receives?

The police report is sometimes the first item of discovery that a defense attorney receives. records—for instance, police personnel records, medical records relating to injuries, and witnesses’ criminal records.

What does the Constitution say about exculpatory evidence?

“Exculpatory” generally means evidence that tends to contradict the defendant’s supposed guilt or that supports lesser punishment. The evidence doesn’t have to strongly indicate innocence in the way that an alibi, for example, would. It’s generally enough that the evidence provides significant aid to the defendant’s case. So, information that affects the credibility of a critical prosecution witness—like the fact that the prosecution offered its witness leniency in exchange for testimony—is among the kinds of evidence prosecutors have disclose. ( Giglio v. United States, 405 U.S. 150 (1972).)

What is exculpatory evidence?

“Exculpatory” generally means evidence that tends to contradict the defendant’s supposed guilt or that supports lesser punishment.

What is Brady Material?

Constitution doesn’t impose a general duty on the prosecution to disclose “material” evidence to the defense. “Material” is generally shorthand for “relevant”; it’s often used to refer to evidence that, if disclosed, could affect the outcome of a case.

What was the Maryland case?

Maryland was a 1963 U.S. Supreme Court case. In it the Court held that it’s a violation of due process for the prosecution to suppress evidence that the defense has requested and that is: favorable to the accused. In that case, Brady and Boblit had been convicted of first degree murder and sentenced to death.

What are the federal and state discovery statutes?

Federal and State Discovery Statutes. Brady and the cases related to it provide what’s essentially a baseline for what prosecutors have to turn over to the defense. The federal system and many states have statutes that entitle the defense to more material. (Sometimes the defense must request this material.)

Does a criminal case have to be strong?

No it doesn't have to be a strong case. The evidence just has to be sufficient to support a criminal charge. This may turn out to be wrong later and the case could be dropped or dismissed

Can a DA file a case with weak evidence?

Technically the DA can file a case even with weak evidence. It's important to keep in mind that even seemingly strong cases can have weaknesses. The DA could think they have a strong case, but a good criminal defense attorney might find something that destroys the government's case...

Can a deputy district attorney file charges?

Ethically, a deputy district attorney is only allowed to file charges that they believe they can prove beyond a reasonable doubt. If they feel they cannot meet this burden, they are ethically prohibited from filing said charges. However, many times the district attorney has only one side of the story to base this on. It is important to get a good criminal defense attorney at the time the District Attorney is reviewing...

Do you have probable cause to prosecute a felony?

In theory, the DA must have probable cause to prosecute you with the crime. That being said, in many cases, they do not have probable cause. Probable cause is often determined by the Court. Plenty of cases are dismissed on the DA's motion or at Preliminary Hearing (if a felony)...

What is a crime to try and prevent a witness from testifying?

Under Penal Code 136.1, it is a crime to knowingly prevent or dissuade a witness from: reporting a crime, aiding in the arrest process, aiding in the prosecution process, OR.

Why is refusing to testify considered contempt?

Otherwise, people would not take testifying seriously. Refusing to testify is considered direct contempt because it is committed in the presence of the judge. A judge can immediately punish someone who refuses to testify (See CCP1218).

What is a written order for contempt of court?

To be a valid order for criminal contempt, the written contempt order must specify: the underlying facts for refusing to testify, the court’s ruling on the refusal to testify claim, the witness was represented by an attorney.

What happens if a witness refuses to testify?

If a witness in a criminal case refuses to testify, he or she could be found in contempt of court (Penal Code 166 PC). Being found in contempt of court can result in jail time and/or a fine. A victim in a domestic violence or sexual assault case, however, cannot be jailed for refusing to testify. But the victim/witness could still be held in ...

What is the penalty for refusing to testify in court?

If found guilty, the punishment for refusing to testify under Penal Code 166 is up to: six months jail, a $1,000 fine. There are defenses to refusing to testify but they should be presented to the court at the time of refusing.

How long can a judge jail a witness who refuses to testify?

Further, a witness who refuses to testify can be jailed until the court proceeding or trial is complete.

Is contempt of court considered a criminal offense?

Contempt may be civil or criminal in nature. It depends on whether the court’s purpose is: to pressure or coerce (civil), to punish (criminal). A refusal to testify is considered civil contempt. But even civil contempt is considered quasi-criminal in nature.

What is privileged attorney?

The attorney-client privilege is a rule that preserves the confidentiality of communications between lawyers and clients. Under that rule, attorneys may not divulge their clients' secrets, nor may others force them to. The purpose of the privilege is to encourage clients ...

Why is confidentiality important in law?

The duty of confidentiality prevents lawyers from even informally discussing information related to their clients' cases with others. They must keep private almost all information related to representation of the client, even if that information didn't come from the client.

What is the client privilege?

The Client's Privilege. Generally, the attorney-client privilege applies when: an actual or potential client communicates with a lawyer regarding legal advice. the lawyer is acting in a professional capacity (rather than, for example, as a friend), and. the client intended the communications to be private and acted accordingly.

What is an example of a civil suit?

Example: In a civil suit regarding allegedly stolen funds, the judge orders the defense to turn over to the plaintiff documentation of conversations between the defendant and his attorney. The defense argues that the attorney-client privilege applies, and that the documents are protected. But the documents relate to plans between ...

Can an attorney disclose client secrets?

Under that rule, attorneys may not divulge their clients' secrets, nor may others force them to. The purpose of the privilege is to encourage clients to openly share information with their lawyers and to let lawyers provide effective representation.

Is attorney client privilege inadmissible?

If someone were to surreptitiously record the conversation, that recording would probably be inadmissible in court.

Can a client forfeit the attorney-client privilege?

No matter who hears or learns about a communication, however, the lawyer typically remains obligated not to repeat it.

What happens if your district attorney's plate is full?

If their plate is full, your attorney may be able to negotiate a deal to have your charges dropped or reduced to avoid the hassle of going to trial.

What happens if the prosecutor decides to proceed with the case despite insufficient evidence?

If the prosecutor decides to proceed with the case despite insufficient evidence, your attorney can file a motion with the judge to have the case dismissed based on insufficient evidence. Fourth Amendment violations – as a US citizen, you’re protected against unlawful searches and seizures by the Fourth Amendment.

What does it mean when a case is dismissed with prejudice?

When a case is dismissed with prejudice, it’s closed for good. Neither party can reopen the case at a later date, and the matter is considered permanently resolved. On the other hand, dismissing a case without prejudice leaves ...

What happens if there isn't enough evidence to file a case?

Insufficient evidence – in some cases your attorney may be able to convince the prosecutor that there isn’t enough evidence to build a solid case, leading to the prosecutor dropping charges before filing. In other cases, your attorney may be able to present compelling evidence that contradicts the police report.

What happens if you breach protocol?

Breach of protocol – prosecutors and law enforcement officials are bound by strict protocol during an arrest, booking, interrogation, bail hearing, or pretrial activities. When your rights are violated due to a breach of protocol, this may serve as grounds to dismiss the case against you. Inadmissible testimony – the most popular example ...

What happens when a case is involuntarily dismissed?

When a case is involuntarily dismissed, the judge chooses to dismiss the case against the wishes of the prosecution. This usually takes place when the defense files a motion to dismiss based on a legal reason, such as lack of evidence.

What happens if a jury fails to deliver a unanimous verdict?

When a jury fails to deliver an unanimous verdict, the defense may file a motion to declare a mistrial. The judge may ask the jury to take additional time to deliberate and attempt to reach a verdict, but if it becomes clear that an unanimous verdict is out of the question, the judge will declare a mistrial.

Types of Discovery

• A police report is a common example of discovery. (However, the law might not require disclosure of police reports in all states.) A typical one will contain the names of any victims or witnesses, reports of statements by such people, observations by the officer, and more. The police report is sometimes the first item of discovery that a defense attorney receives. Other forms of discover…

See more on lawyers.com

The Right to Discovery: Brady Material

Federal and State Discovery Statutes

Questions For Your Attorney