how to file a civil lawsuit without an attorney syracuse

How Do I Start a Lawsuit Without an Attorney?

• Drafting the Complaint You start a lawsuit by filing a complaint. ...
• Filing and Serving the Complaint Once you have drafted your complaint, you must submit it either in person or by mail to the Pro Se Intake Unit, along with the filing fees or an application to proceed without prepayment of fees ( in forma pauperis). ...
• Keeping Your Address Updated ...

Full Answer

How do I file a civil lawsuit in New York State?

File your complaint at the courthouse. After your complaint is completed, you should take two copies to the court where you are filing your suit. You will give your complaint, along with a "filing fee" to the court clerk. The clerk can also answer questions that you may have about the process.

How do I start a lawsuit without an attorney?

How Do I Start a Lawsuit Without an Attorney? You start a lawsuit by filing a complaint. In some circumstances, you file a petition or a motion. The court has several complaint forms that you may use in drafting your complaint.

How do I file a lawsuit on behalf of myself?

TL;DR (Too Long; Didn't Read) You can file a lawsuit on behalf of yourself without an attorney by preparing a complaint and filing it with the appropriate court. The court will issue a summons, and you'll have to serve the summons and complaint upon the person you're suing. The manner of service will depend upon your local rules of court.

How to file a summons and complaint without an attorney?

File the summons and complaint with the court either before service or after service, depending on the rules of your jurisdiction. You can file a lawsuit on behalf of yourself without an attorney by preparing a complaint and filing it with the appropriate court.

How do I file a small claims in Onondaga county?

General Information: 315-671-2700.Fax: 315-617-2741.Business Line: 315-671-2782.Website: www.courts.state.ny.us/courts/5jd/onondaga/city/smallclaims.shtml.Address: 505 South State Street.Hours: Administrative hours: Monday - Friday, 8:30 AM - 4:30 PM. ... Accessibility: Fully Accessible.

How do I file a suit?

HearingFile requisite amount of procedure-fee in the court.File 2 copies of plaint for each defendant in the court.Of the 2 copies filed for each defendant, one copy shall be sent by Speed post/Courier/Regd. ... Such filing should be done within a period of seven days from the date of order/notice.

How do you answer a summons without a lawyer?

Take your written answer to the clerk's office. If you've decided to take your answer to the clerk's office in person for filing, bring your originals plus at least 2 copies. The clerk will take your documents and stamp each set of papers "filed" with the date. They will then give the copies back to you.

What type of cases do the Court of Claims in NY handle?

The New York State Court of Claims is the exclusive forum for civil litigation seeking damages against the State of New York or certain other State-related entities such as the New York State Thruway Authority, the City University of New York, the Olympic Regional Development Authority, the Roswell Park Cancer ...

How long do most civil cases take?

According to the study conducted by Rabner, civil cases can often take upwards of two years to get to a trial date from the initial filing. Most of this delay is due to a long drawn out discovery process.

How long does a civil suit take?

How long does a civil case take in court in India? On official records, a criminal case is said to be decided within six months, and a civil case can take up to 3 years to come to disposal.

What are the stages of a civil case?

Stages in Civil LitigationFiling of Plaint. The facts and summary of the case are recorded in the plaint, which is a legal document. ... Issuing of Summons. ... The appearance of the Parties to the Dispute. ... Interlocutory Proceedings. ... Written Statement. ... Examination. ... Framing of the Issues Involved. ... Documents Required.More items...•

What happens if a Defendant does not respond to a summons?

— If the defendant fails to answer within the time specified in these rules, the court shall, upon motion of the plaintiff, order judgment against the defendant by default, and thereupon the court shall proceed to receive the plaintiff's evidence and render judgment granting him such relief as the complaint and the ...

What happens if a Defendant does not pay a judgment?

Assuming the Defendant fails to make the payment, then the execution court can take the following measures against the Defendant: Attachment and sale of the Defendant's property (movables). Attachment of stocks, bonds and shares. Attachment and sale of land/ property.

What happens if you lose in Small Claims Court and don't pay?

The creditor will get post-judgment interest on any part of the debt not paid back right away. If you don't pay the creditor, they can take steps to collect the money from you. This is called enforcing the judgment.

Do you need a lawyer for Small Claims Court?

You do not need a lawyer to represent you at a small claims court.

What happens if you win a civil suit?

When you "win" a civil case in court, the jury or judge may award you money damages. In some situations the losing party against whom there is a judgment (also known as a debtor), either refuses to follow the court order or cannot afford to pay the amount of the judgment.

What are the 5 steps to initiate a lawsuit?

The following process explains the steps of a civil lawsuit.Step 1: Consult With Representatives. If you are considering going to court, talk to your potential representatives before filing a lawsuit. ... Step 2: File Complaint / Pleading. ... Step 3: Discovery. ... Step 4: Trial. ... Step 5: Verdict. ... Step 6: Appeal.

Who files a suit?

Filing of a Suit/Plaint The first step to initiate a suit is to file a plaint. Simply put, a Plaint is a written complaint or allegation made by the one party against other. The party who files it is known as the Plaintiff and against whom it is filed is known as the Defendant .

What is filing a suit in court?

The Procedure is as follows: Filing of Suit/Plaint - Plaint is the written complaint or allegation. One who files it is known as "Plaintiff" and against whom it is filed is known as "Defendant".

What is the first thing a plaintiff must establish in order to file a lawsuit?

The first step in a lawsuit is filing the complaint and serving it on the defendant. The plaintiff will outline their version of events in the complaint and describe how the defendant's actions harmed them. They will ask for monetary compensation or another remedy, such as an injunction.

What size paper do you need to file a complaint?

All complaints must be in English on 8-1/2” x 11” paper and include:

Do you have to notify the court of a change in contact information?

All litigants, including pro se litigants, are required to let the court and other parties to the lawsuit know if their contact information changes. This is to make sure that all case filings can be sent to the correct mail (or email) address. For this reason, you must inform the Pro Se Intake Unit in writing of any change to your contact information.

Can you request a summons without prepayment of fees?

If you request permission to proceed without prepayment of fees and your request is granted, the Pro Se Intake Unit will complete and issue a summons only if the assigned judge directs it to do so in an order of service.

How to file a lawsuit without a lawyer?

First, you’ll need to get the necessary forms from your local court, fill them out, and file them with the court. Don’t forget to have the forms served to the defendant so they’re aware of the lawsuit. Try to reach a settlement outside of court if you can to save you time and money if you lose. If you have to go to court, gather any documents or witnesses as evidence and bring them to your court date. Make sure you read up on the court rules and procedures so you know how it all works. For more tips from our Legal co-author, including how to check the statute of limitations for your lawsuit, read on.

What to do after filing a lawsuit?

After you've filed your lawsuit, you have to notify the other side about it using a legal process server before the court will hear the case. You may use the U.S. marshal to serve your federal lawsuit, or you can use a private process serving company. You also may be able to use certified mail.

How much does it cost to file a lawsuit in federal court?

You'll have to scan in your signed documents and send them to the email address provided in your pro se manual. You'll have to pay a filing fee of $400 to initiate your lawsuit in federal court.

What do you do if you have papers served on your own?

However, if you have the papers served on your own, you must file a document letting the court know the lawsuit was served on the other party. Score. 0 / 3.

What happens if you don't show up for court?

Many jurisdictions simply assign you a trial date when you file a small claim, so if you don't show up on that date, you lose your case. Some jurisdictions add a "first appearance" date that you don't need to show up for, only the person you're suing does.

What to check before filing a lawsuit?

Check the statute of limitations for your claim. States only gives you a certain amount of time to file a lawsuit over something, so you should check before you file your suit to make sure that deadline has not passed.

How many copies of a court order do you need?

Once you've signed your forms, make at least two copies: one for your records and one for the person you're suing. The court will keep the originals when you file them.

How to serve summons and complaint?

Rules regarding proper service of legal documents vary by state, but the most common way to serve a summons and complaint is to have them personally delivered by an adult who is a resident of the state where the complaint is filed. This is usually done by hiring a private process server or your local sheriff’s department to serve the documents.

What happens if you ignore a summons?

If you ignore the summons, the court will enter a default judgment against you and you will be legally obligated to pay for all the damages awarded! This means that the plaintiff will most likely be able to seize your bank accounts, garnish your wages, and potentially foreclose on your home.

What is a counterclaim in a breach of contract?

A counterclaim is a civil claim arising from the same set of circumstances. In breach of contract cases, for example, it is common for the defendant to allege that it was the plaintiff who, in fact, breached the contract. In this case, the defendant would make a breach of contract claim in their answer, in much the same way they would if they were the plaintiff making the allegations in a complaint. The defendant must allege all the elements of any claim they bring against the plaintiff as a counterclaim and allege the amount of damages they incurred. The plaintiff will then have to answer the counterclaim in the same way a defendant originally answered the complaint (but note that the identifiers of plaintiff/defendant remain the same).

What is a summons in court?

A summons is a separate document that gives the defendant official notice that he is being required to appear and answer the allegations made by the plaintiff. In most states, a person representing themselves will need to have the summons issued by the court clerk.

What to do if you have a contract and you fail to hold up your end of the bargain?

Likewise, if you have a binding contract with someone and they fail to hold up their end of the bargain, you may need to file a lawsuit to recover your losses due to that breach of the contract. The first step to beginning any lawsuit is to file a civil complaint. In the complaint, the plaintiff (the person bringing the lawsuit) ...

Can you sue the city for a sidewalk?

For example, if you trip on the sidewalk, you cannot necessarily sue the city for your damages. You will need to allege that the city (or someone else) was negligent in some manner. Perhaps the sidewalk was in a poor state of disrepair.

Do all civil cases have no lawyer?

It’s no surprise then, that research done by americanprogress.org has found: “In more than three-fourths of all civil trial cases in the United States, at least one litigant does not have a lawyer. . . And these are just the Americans who make it to court.

How to file a lawsuit?

To file a lawsuit, you have to prepare the opening documents. These are called the summons and the complaint or the petition. The court usually provides fill-in-the-blank forms that you can, and sometimes must, use. In the complaint, you name yourself as the person bringing the suit – the plaintiff – and identify the people or entities you are suing, called the defendants. You also must include facts that give a general description of the circumstances and the types of injuries or damages you suffered. The document called the "summons" tells the defendants how long they have to respond to the complaint by filing their own documents. In some jurisdictions, you complete the summons yourself; in others, the court generates the summons after you file the complaint.

What to do if you file a lawsuit without a lawyer?

If you decide to file a lawsuit without a lawyer, do extensive reading and research on your court's self-help website before you prepare your summons and complaint.

What does it mean to complain about someone?

A complaint must state a " cause of action " against the defendant. This means that you have to do something more than merely complain about someone's actions. The facts you describe must constitute a legal claim over which you can sue.

Can a company represent itself in court?

If you want to file a lawsuit on behalf of your business and not yourself personally, you'll have to get an attorney. Most states don't allow corporate entities to represent themselves in court.

Where do you file a lawsuit?

Decide whether you should file your case in state or federal court. The law establishes limits on which courts have “jurisdiction” (power) to hear and decide a case. You must file your lawsuit in a court that has jurisdiction over your case. Generally, you should file a case that deals with a state law in state court.

How to sue someone for a wrongdoing?

1. Prepare your complaint. To sue someone, you must prepare a document called a complaint that you will file with the court. The complaint includes the grounds or cause of action for your lawsuit. If you have a lawyer, she will draft and file your complaint.

What to do if you don't have a valid legal claim?

Before you file a lawsuit, you need to do some preliminary investigation to make sure that the law is on your side. If you do not have a valid legal claim, any lawsuit you bring will be dismissed by the court, and you will have wasted time and money.

What do you do if your opponent breaks a law?

Most of the time, you will need to file in a state court if your opponent broke a state law, and in a federal court if your opponent broke a federal law. Then, prepare a complaint for the appropriate court that shows the grounds for your lawsuit.

How long can you file a personal injury lawsuit?

For example, one state may allow a plaintiff who wants to file a personal injury suit 1 year from the date of the injury, while another state may allow 4 years from the date of the injury.

Why is it not worth it to sue someone who doesn't have money?

It will not be worth the money and time it takes to bring a lawsuit if your opponent doesn’t have any money or assets, because you will not be able to collect anything, even if you win. However, if money is no object, you may want to consider a lawsuit anyway in order to get validation that your opponent was wrong.

What is the opening statement of a lawsuit?

Give an opening statement. The “opening statement” is a type of speech given at the start of the trial. It is your first opportunity to introduce yourself and your case. If you filed the lawsuit (and therefore are the plaintiff), you will give your opening statement first, followed by the defendant.

Who can start a lawsuit?

Only an “actual legal entity” may start a lawsuit.

When you are thinking of going to court and preparing to file a lawsuit, do you need to find out who?

When you are thinking of going to court and preparing to file a lawsuit, you need to find out exactly whom you should sue. This may seem like a simple issue, but it can be very complicated.

What happens if you get into a car accident?

If you get into a car accident you would sue the person who was driving the car that hit you. But it is not quite that simple. For instance, what if the driver of the car does NOT own the car and was just borrowing it? In that case, you would also want to sue the owner of the car, since the car insurance probably would be in the owner’s name. So, in this example, you would file your lawsuit against 2 people, the driver and the owner.

How to sue a sole proprietor?

To sue a sole proprietor, you file against the person running the business, no matter what name he or she is using. For example, let’s say John Smith opens a dry cleaning business called “John’s Dry Cleaning.”. You would sue John Smith because he owns the business.

How to sue a partnership?

To sue a partnership you should get the names of the partners. Under the law, each of the partners is responsible for the obligations of the partnership, so each partner would be named in your lawsuit. To find a sole proprietorship or partnership: The county clerk/recorder’s office.

What is standing in a lawsuit?

In legal terms, this is called having “standing” to file the lawsuit. For example, in a case for personal injury, you have to be the one to have actually suffered the injury in the accident. You cannot just be a person who was standing nearby and sue the person who caused the accident if you did not suffer any damages.

What to do if you slip and fall in a store?

If you slip and fall in a store, you need to find out if the store belongs to a chain (which means you would have to sue the chain) or if it is just that 1 store. And then you would need to figure out who owns the store. You cannot just sue the manager of the store, since he or she is probably just an employee. You have to find the owner or owners of the store, and it is possible that the owner of the store is another business.

Drafting The Complaint

• You start a lawsuit by filing a complaint. In some circumstances, you file a petition or a motion. The court has several complaint forms that you may use in drafting your complaint. The forms are available onlineand at the Pro Se Intake Unit. You may also write your own complaint without using a court form. All complaints must be in English on 8-1/...

See more on nysd.uscourts.gov

Filing and Serving The Complaint

Keeping Your Address Updated